Files
ladybird/Meta/Lagom/Tools/CodeGenerators/LibWeb/GenerateWindowOrWorkerInterfaces.cpp
Timothy Flynn 8ad1c72ed3 LibWeb+LibWebView+Services: Add a flag to enable experimental interfaces
This adds the --expose-experimental-interfaces command line flag to
enable experimental IDL interfaces. Any IDL interface with Experimental
in its exposed attributes will be disabled by default.

The problem is that by stubbing out or partially implementing interfaces
in LibWeb, we actually make some sites behave worse. For example, the
OffscreenCanvas interface being exposed makes sites believe we fully
support it, even though we don't. If the interface was not exposed,
these sites may fall back to ordinary canvas objects. Similarly, to
use YouTube, we currently have to patch out MSE interfaces.

This flag will allow developers to iteratively work on features,
without breaking such sites. We enable experimental interfaces during
tests.
2026-02-17 22:17:50 +01:00

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2022, Andrew Kaster <akaster@serenityos.org>
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
*/
#include <AK/ByteString.h>
#include <AK/LexicalPath.h>
#include <AK/SourceGenerator.h>
#include <AK/StringBuilder.h>
#include <LibCore/ArgsParser.h>
#include <LibCore/File.h>
#include <LibCore/MappedFile.h>
#include <LibIDL/ExposedTo.h>
#include <LibIDL/IDLParser.h>
#include <LibIDL/Types.h>
#include <LibMain/Main.h>
struct InterfaceSets {
Vector<IDL::Interface&> intrinsics;
Vector<IDL::Interface&> window_exposed;
Vector<IDL::Interface&> dedicated_worker_exposed;
Vector<IDL::Interface&> shared_worker_exposed;
Vector<IDL::Interface&> shadow_realm_exposed;
// TODO: service_worker_exposed
};
static ErrorOr<void> add_to_interface_sets(IDL::Interface&, InterfaceSets& interface_sets);
static ByteString s_error_string;
struct LegacyConstructor {
ByteString name;
ByteString constructor_class;
};
static void consume_whitespace(GenericLexer& lexer)
{
bool consumed = true;
while (consumed) {
consumed = lexer.consume_while(is_ascii_space).length() > 0;
if (lexer.consume_specific("//"sv)) {
lexer.consume_until('\n');
lexer.ignore();
consumed = true;
}
}
}
static Optional<LegacyConstructor> const& lookup_legacy_constructor(IDL::Interface const& interface)
{
static HashMap<StringView, Optional<LegacyConstructor>> s_legacy_constructors;
if (auto cache = s_legacy_constructors.get(interface.name); cache.has_value())
return cache.value();
auto attribute = interface.extended_attributes.get("LegacyFactoryFunction"sv);
if (!attribute.has_value()) {
s_legacy_constructors.set(interface.name, {});
return s_legacy_constructors.get(interface.name).value();
}
GenericLexer function_lexer(attribute.value());
consume_whitespace(function_lexer);
auto name = function_lexer.consume_until([](auto ch) { return is_ascii_space(ch) || ch == '('; });
auto constructor_class = ByteString::formatted("{}Constructor", name);
s_legacy_constructors.set(interface.name, LegacyConstructor { name, move(constructor_class) });
return s_legacy_constructors.get(interface.name).value();
}
static ErrorOr<void> generate_intrinsic_definitions_header(StringView output_path, InterfaceSets const& interface_sets)
{
StringBuilder builder;
SourceGenerator generator(builder);
generator.append(R"~~~(
#pragma once
#include <AK/Types.h>
namespace Web::Bindings {
enum class InterfaceName : u16 {
Unknown = 0,
)~~~");
for (size_t i = 0; i < interface_sets.intrinsics.size(); ++i) {
auto const& interface = interface_sets.intrinsics[i];
size_t index = i + 1; // 0 is reserved for Unknown
generator.set("interface_name", interface.name);
generator.set("index", String::number(index));
generator.append(R"~~~(
@interface_name@ = @index@,)~~~");
}
generator.append(R"~~~(
};
bool is_exposed(InterfaceName, JS::Realm&);
}
)~~~");
auto generated_intrinsics_path = LexicalPath(output_path).append("IntrinsicDefinitions.h"sv).string();
auto generated_intrinsics_file = TRY(Core::File::open(generated_intrinsics_path, Core::File::OpenMode::Write));
TRY(generated_intrinsics_file->write_until_depleted(generator.as_string_view().bytes()));
return {};
}
static ErrorOr<void> generate_intrinsic_definitions_implementation(StringView output_path, InterfaceSets const& interface_sets)
{
StringBuilder builder;
SourceGenerator generator(builder);
generator.append(R"~~~(
#include <LibGC/DeferGC.h>
#include <LibJS/Runtime/Object.h>
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/Intrinsics.h>
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/PrincipalHostDefined.h>
#include <LibWeb/Export.h>
#include <LibWeb/HTML/Window.h>
#include <LibWeb/HTML/DedicatedWorkerGlobalScope.h>
#include <LibWeb/HTML/SharedWorkerGlobalScope.h>
#include <LibWeb/HTML/ShadowRealmGlobalScope.h>)~~~");
for (auto& interface : interface_sets.intrinsics) {
auto gen = generator.fork();
gen.set("namespace_class", interface.namespace_class);
gen.set("prototype_class", interface.prototype_class);
gen.set("constructor_class", interface.constructor_class);
if (interface.is_namespace) {
gen.append(R"~~~(
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/@namespace_class@.h>)~~~");
} else {
gen.append(R"~~~(
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/@constructor_class@.h>
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/@prototype_class@.h>)~~~");
if (auto const& legacy_constructor = lookup_legacy_constructor(interface); legacy_constructor.has_value()) {
gen.set("legacy_constructor_class", legacy_constructor->constructor_class);
gen.append(R"~~~(
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/@legacy_constructor_class@.h>)~~~");
}
}
}
generator.append(R"~~~(
namespace Web::Bindings {
)~~~");
auto add_namespace = [&](SourceGenerator& gen, StringView name, StringView namespace_class) {
gen.set("interface_name", name);
gen.set("namespace_class", namespace_class);
gen.append(R"~~~(
template<>
void Intrinsics::create_web_namespace<@namespace_class@>(JS::Realm& realm)
{
auto namespace_object = realm.create<@namespace_class@>(realm);
m_namespaces.set("@interface_name@"_fly_string, namespace_object);
[[maybe_unused]] static constexpr u8 attr = JS::Attribute::Writable | JS::Attribute::Configurable;)~~~");
for (auto& interface : interface_sets.intrinsics) {
if (interface.extended_attributes.get("LegacyNamespace"sv) != name)
continue;
gen.set("owned_interface_name", interface.name);
gen.set("owned_prototype_class", interface.prototype_class);
gen.append(R"~~~(
namespace_object->define_intrinsic_accessor("@owned_interface_name@"_utf16_fly_string, attr, [](auto& realm) -> JS::Value { return &Bindings::ensure_web_constructor<@owned_prototype_class@>(realm, "@interface_name@.@owned_interface_name@"_fly_string); });)~~~");
}
gen.append(R"~~~(
}
)~~~");
};
generator.append(R"~~~(
static constexpr bool is_secure_context_interface(InterfaceName name)
{
switch (name) {)~~~");
for (auto const& interface : interface_sets.intrinsics) {
if (!interface.extended_attributes.contains("SecureContext"))
continue;
generator.set("secure_context_interface_name", interface.name);
generator.append(R"~~~(
case InterfaceName::@secure_context_interface_name@:)~~~");
}
generator.append(R"~~~(
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
)~~~");
generator.append(R"~~~(
static constexpr bool is_experimental_interface(InterfaceName name)
{
switch (name) {)~~~");
for (auto const& interface : interface_sets.intrinsics) {
if (!interface.extended_attributes.contains("Experimental"))
continue;
generator.set("experimental_interface_name", interface.name);
generator.append(R"~~~(
case InterfaceName::@experimental_interface_name@:)~~~");
}
generator.append(R"~~~(
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
)~~~");
auto generate_global_exposed = [&generator](StringView global_name, Vector<IDL::Interface&> const& interface_set) {
generator.set("global_name", global_name);
generator.append(R"~~~(
static constexpr bool is_@global_name@_exposed(InterfaceName name)
{
switch (name) {)~~~");
for (auto const& interface : interface_set) {
auto gen = generator.fork();
gen.set("interface_name", interface.name);
gen.append(R"~~~(
case InterfaceName::@interface_name@:)~~~");
}
generator.append(R"~~~(
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
)~~~");
};
generate_global_exposed("window"sv, interface_sets.window_exposed);
generate_global_exposed("dedicated_worker"sv, interface_sets.dedicated_worker_exposed);
generate_global_exposed("shared_worker"sv, interface_sets.shared_worker_exposed);
generate_global_exposed("shadow_realm"sv, interface_sets.shadow_realm_exposed);
// https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-exposed
generator.append(R"~~~(
// An interface, callback interface, namespace, or member construct is exposed in a given realm realm if the following steps return true:
// FIXME: Make this compatible with non-interface types.
bool is_exposed(InterfaceName name, JS::Realm& realm)
{
auto const& global_object = realm.global_object();
// 1. If constructs exposure set is not *, and realm.[[GlobalObject]] does not implement an interface that is in constructs exposure set, then return false.
if (is<HTML::Window>(global_object)) {
if (!is_window_exposed(name))
return false;
} else if (is<HTML::DedicatedWorkerGlobalScope>(global_object)) {
if (!is_dedicated_worker_exposed(name))
return false;
} else if (is<HTML::SharedWorkerGlobalScope>(global_object)) {
if (!is_shared_worker_exposed(name))
return false;
} else if (is<HTML::ShadowRealmGlobalScope>(global_object)) {
if (!is_shadow_realm_exposed(name))
return false;
} else {
TODO(); // FIXME: ServiceWorkerGlobalScope and WorkletGlobalScope.
}
// 2. If realms settings object is not a secure context, and construct is conditionally exposed on
// [SecureContext], then return false.
if (is_secure_context_interface(name) && HTML::is_non_secure_context(principal_host_defined_environment_settings_object(realm)))
return false;
// AD-HOC: Do not expose experimental interfaces unless instructed to do so.
if (!HTML::UniversalGlobalScopeMixin::expose_experimental_interfaces() && is_experimental_interface(name))
return false;
// FIXME: 3. If realms settings objects cross-origin isolated capability is false, and construct is
// conditionally exposed on [CrossOriginIsolated], then return false.
// 4. Return true.
return true;
}
)~~~");
auto add_interface = [](SourceGenerator& gen, StringView name, StringView prototype_class, StringView constructor_class, Optional<LegacyConstructor> const& legacy_constructor, StringView named_properties_class) {
gen.set("interface_name", name);
gen.set("prototype_class", prototype_class);
gen.set("constructor_class", constructor_class);
gen.append(R"~~~(
template<>
WEB_API void Intrinsics::create_web_prototype_and_constructor<@prototype_class@>(JS::Realm& realm)
{
auto& vm = realm.vm();
)~~~");
if (!named_properties_class.is_empty()) {
gen.set("named_properties_class", named_properties_class);
gen.append(R"~~~(
auto named_properties_object = realm.create<@named_properties_class@>(realm);
m_prototypes.set("@named_properties_class@"_fly_string, named_properties_object);
)~~~");
}
gen.append(R"~~~(
auto prototype = realm.create<@prototype_class@>(realm);
m_prototypes.set("@interface_name@"_fly_string, prototype);
auto constructor = realm.create<@constructor_class@>(realm);
m_constructors.set("@interface_name@"_fly_string, constructor);
prototype->define_direct_property(vm.names.constructor, constructor.ptr(), JS::Attribute::Writable | JS::Attribute::Configurable);
)~~~");
if (legacy_constructor.has_value()) {
gen.set("legacy_interface_name", legacy_constructor->name);
gen.set("legacy_constructor_class", legacy_constructor->constructor_class);
gen.append(R"~~~(
auto legacy_constructor = realm.create<@legacy_constructor_class@>(realm);
m_constructors.set("@legacy_interface_name@"_fly_string, legacy_constructor);)~~~");
}
gen.append(R"~~~(
}
)~~~");
};
for (auto& interface : interface_sets.intrinsics) {
auto gen = generator.fork();
String named_properties_class;
if (interface.extended_attributes.contains("Global") && interface.supports_named_properties()) {
named_properties_class = MUST(String::formatted("{}Properties", interface.name));
}
if (interface.is_namespace)
add_namespace(gen, interface.name, interface.namespace_class);
else
add_interface(gen, interface.namespaced_name, interface.prototype_class, interface.constructor_class, lookup_legacy_constructor(interface), named_properties_class);
}
generator.append(R"~~~(
}
)~~~");
auto generated_intrinsics_path = LexicalPath(output_path).append("IntrinsicDefinitions.cpp"sv).string();
auto generated_intrinsics_file = TRY(Core::File::open(generated_intrinsics_path, Core::File::OpenMode::Write));
TRY(generated_intrinsics_file->write_until_depleted(generator.as_string_view().bytes()));
return {};
}
static ErrorOr<void> generate_exposed_interface_header(StringView class_name, StringView output_path)
{
StringBuilder builder;
SourceGenerator generator(builder);
generator.set("global_object_snake_name", ByteString(class_name).to_snakecase());
generator.append(R"~~~(
#pragma once
#include <LibJS/Forward.h>
namespace Web::Bindings {
void add_@global_object_snake_name@_exposed_interfaces(JS::Object&);
}
)~~~");
auto generated_header_path = LexicalPath(output_path).append(ByteString::formatted("{}ExposedInterfaces.h", class_name)).string();
auto generated_header_file = TRY(Core::File::open(generated_header_path, Core::File::OpenMode::Write));
TRY(generated_header_file->write_until_depleted(generator.as_string_view().bytes()));
return {};
}
static ErrorOr<void> generate_exposed_interface_implementation(StringView class_name, StringView output_path, Vector<IDL::Interface&>& exposed_interfaces)
{
StringBuilder builder;
SourceGenerator generator(builder);
generator.set("global_object_name", class_name);
generator.set("global_object_snake_name", ByteString(class_name).to_snakecase());
generator.append(R"~~~(
#include <LibJS/Runtime/Object.h>
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/Intrinsics.h>
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/@global_object_name@ExposedInterfaces.h>
#include <LibWeb/HTML/Scripting/Environments.h>
#include <LibWeb/HTML/UniversalGlobalScope.h>
)~~~");
for (auto& interface : exposed_interfaces) {
auto gen = generator.fork();
gen.set("namespace_class", interface.namespace_class);
gen.set("prototype_class", interface.prototype_class);
gen.set("constructor_class", interface.constructor_class);
if (interface.is_namespace) {
gen.append(R"~~~(#include <LibWeb/Bindings/@namespace_class@.h>
)~~~");
} else {
gen.append(R"~~~(#include <LibWeb/Bindings/@constructor_class@.h>
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/@prototype_class@.h>
)~~~");
if (auto const& legacy_constructor = lookup_legacy_constructor(interface); legacy_constructor.has_value()) {
gen.set("legacy_constructor_class", legacy_constructor->constructor_class);
gen.append(R"~~~(#include <LibWeb/Bindings/@legacy_constructor_class@.h>
)~~~");
}
}
}
generator.append(R"~~~(
namespace Web::Bindings {
void add_@global_object_snake_name@_exposed_interfaces(JS::Object& global)
{
static constexpr u8 attr = JS::Attribute::Writable | JS::Attribute::Configurable;
[[maybe_unused]] bool is_secure_context = HTML::is_secure_context(HTML::relevant_principal_settings_object(global));
[[maybe_unused]] bool expose_experimental_interfaces = HTML::UniversalGlobalScopeMixin::expose_experimental_interfaces();
)~~~");
auto add_interface = [class_name](SourceGenerator& gen, IDL::Interface const& interface) {
auto legacy_constructor = lookup_legacy_constructor(interface);
Optional<ByteString const&> legacy_alias_name;
if (class_name == "Window"sv)
legacy_alias_name = interface.extended_attributes.get("LegacyWindowAlias"sv);
gen.set("interface_name", interface.namespaced_name);
gen.set("prototype_class", interface.prototype_class);
if (interface.extended_attributes.contains("SecureContext"sv)) {
gen.append(R"~~~(
if (is_secure_context) {)~~~");
}
if (interface.extended_attributes.contains("Experimental"sv)) {
gen.append(R"~~~(
if (expose_experimental_interfaces) {)~~~");
}
gen.append(R"~~~(
global.define_intrinsic_accessor("@interface_name@"_utf16_fly_string, attr, [](auto& realm) -> JS::Value { return &ensure_web_constructor<@prototype_class@>(realm, "@interface_name@"_fly_string); });)~~~");
// https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#LegacyWindowAlias
if (legacy_alias_name.has_value()) {
if (legacy_alias_name->starts_with('(')) {
auto legacy_alias_names = legacy_alias_name->substring_view(1).split_view(',');
for (auto legacy_alias_name : legacy_alias_names) {
gen.set("interface_alias_name", legacy_alias_name.trim_whitespace());
gen.append(R"~~~(
global.define_intrinsic_accessor("@interface_alias_name@"_utf16_fly_string, attr, [](auto& realm) -> JS::Value { return &ensure_web_constructor<@prototype_class@>(realm, "@interface_name@"_fly_string); });)~~~");
}
} else {
gen.set("interface_alias_name", *legacy_alias_name);
gen.append(R"~~~(
global.define_intrinsic_accessor("@interface_alias_name@"_utf16_fly_string, attr, [](auto& realm) -> JS::Value { return &ensure_web_constructor<@prototype_class@>(realm, "@interface_name@"_fly_string); });)~~~");
}
}
if (legacy_constructor.has_value()) {
gen.set("legacy_interface_name", legacy_constructor->name);
gen.append(R"~~~(
global.define_intrinsic_accessor("@legacy_interface_name@"_utf16_fly_string, attr, [](auto& realm) -> JS::Value { return &ensure_web_constructor<@prototype_class@>(realm, "@legacy_interface_name@"_fly_string); });)~~~");
}
if (interface.extended_attributes.contains("Experimental"sv)) {
gen.append(R"~~~(
})~~~");
}
if (interface.extended_attributes.contains("SecureContext"sv)) {
gen.append(R"~~~(
})~~~");
}
};
auto add_namespace = [](SourceGenerator& gen, StringView name, StringView namespace_class) {
gen.set("interface_name", name);
gen.set("namespace_class", namespace_class);
gen.append(R"~~~(
global.define_intrinsic_accessor("@interface_name@"_utf16_fly_string, attr, [](auto& realm) -> JS::Value { return &ensure_web_namespace<@namespace_class@>(realm, "@interface_name@"_fly_string); });)~~~");
};
for (auto& interface : exposed_interfaces) {
auto gen = generator.fork();
if (interface.is_namespace) {
add_namespace(gen, interface.name, interface.namespace_class);
} else if (!interface.extended_attributes.contains("LegacyNamespace"sv)) {
if (interface.extended_attributes.contains("LegacyNoInterfaceObject")) {
continue;
}
add_interface(gen, interface);
}
}
generator.append(R"~~~(
}
}
)~~~");
auto generated_implementation_path = LexicalPath(output_path).append(ByteString::formatted("{}ExposedInterfaces.cpp", class_name)).string();
auto generated_implementation_file = TRY(Core::File::open(generated_implementation_path, Core::File::OpenMode::Write));
TRY(generated_implementation_file->write_until_depleted(generator.as_string_view().bytes()));
return {};
}
ErrorOr<int> ladybird_main(Main::Arguments arguments)
{
Core::ArgsParser args_parser;
StringView output_path;
Vector<ByteString> base_paths;
Vector<ByteString> paths;
args_parser.add_option(output_path, "Path to output generated files into", "output-path", 'o', "output-path");
args_parser.add_option(Core::ArgsParser::Option {
.argument_mode = Core::ArgsParser::OptionArgumentMode::Required,
.help_string = "Path to root of IDL file tree(s)",
.long_name = "base-path",
.short_name = 'b',
.value_name = "base-path",
.accept_value = [&](StringView s) {
base_paths.append(s);
return true;
},
});
args_parser.add_positional_argument(paths, "Paths of every IDL file that could be Exposed", "paths");
args_parser.parse(arguments);
VERIFY(!paths.is_empty());
VERIFY(!base_paths.is_empty());
if (paths.first().starts_with("@"sv)) {
// Response file
auto file_or_error = Core::File::open(paths.first().substring_view(1), Core::File::OpenMode::Read);
paths.remove(0);
VERIFY(paths.is_empty());
if (file_or_error.is_error()) {
s_error_string = ByteString::formatted("Unable to open response file {}", paths.first());
return Error::from_string_view(s_error_string.view());
}
auto file = file_or_error.release_value();
auto string = TRY(file->read_until_eof());
for (auto const& path : StringView(string).split_view('\n')) {
if (path.is_empty())
continue;
paths.append(path);
}
}
Vector<ByteString> lexical_bases;
for (auto const& base_path : base_paths) {
VERIFY(!base_path.is_empty());
lexical_bases.append(base_path);
}
// Read in all IDL files, we must own the storage for all of these for the lifetime of the program
Vector<NonnullOwnPtr<Core::MappedFile>> files;
files.ensure_capacity(paths.size());
for (ByteString const& path : paths) {
auto file_or_error = Core::MappedFile::map(path, Core::MappedFile::Mode::ReadOnly);
if (file_or_error.is_error()) {
s_error_string = ByteString::formatted("Unable to open file {}", path);
return Error::from_string_view(s_error_string.view());
}
files.append(file_or_error.release_value());
}
VERIFY(paths.size() == files.size());
Vector<IDL::Parser> parsers;
InterfaceSets interface_sets;
for (size_t i = 0; i < paths.size(); ++i) {
auto const& path = paths[i];
StringView file_contents = files[i]->bytes();
IDL::Parser parser(path, file_contents, lexical_bases);
auto& interface = parser.parse();
if (interface.name.is_empty()) {
s_error_string = ByteString::formatted("Interface for file {} missing", path);
return Error::from_string_view(s_error_string.view());
}
TRY(add_to_interface_sets(interface, interface_sets));
parsers.append(move(parser));
}
TRY(generate_intrinsic_definitions_header(output_path, interface_sets));
TRY(generate_intrinsic_definitions_implementation(output_path, interface_sets));
TRY(generate_exposed_interface_header("Window"sv, output_path));
TRY(generate_exposed_interface_header("DedicatedWorker"sv, output_path));
TRY(generate_exposed_interface_header("SharedWorker"sv, output_path));
TRY(generate_exposed_interface_header("ShadowRealm"sv, output_path));
// TODO: ServiceWorkerExposed.h
TRY(generate_exposed_interface_implementation("Window"sv, output_path, interface_sets.window_exposed));
TRY(generate_exposed_interface_implementation("DedicatedWorker"sv, output_path, interface_sets.dedicated_worker_exposed));
TRY(generate_exposed_interface_implementation("SharedWorker"sv, output_path, interface_sets.shared_worker_exposed));
TRY(generate_exposed_interface_implementation("ShadowRealm"sv, output_path, interface_sets.shadow_realm_exposed));
// TODO: ServiceWorkerExposed.cpp
return 0;
}
ErrorOr<void> add_to_interface_sets(IDL::Interface& interface, InterfaceSets& interface_sets)
{
// TODO: Add service worker exposed and audio worklet exposed
auto maybe_exposed = interface.extended_attributes.get("Exposed");
if (!maybe_exposed.has_value()) {
s_error_string = ByteString::formatted("Interface {} is missing extended attribute Exposed", interface.name);
return Error::from_string_view(s_error_string.view());
}
auto whom = TRY(IDL::parse_exposure_set(interface.name, *maybe_exposed));
interface_sets.intrinsics.append(interface);
if (has_flag(whom, IDL::ExposedTo::Window))
interface_sets.window_exposed.append(interface);
if (has_flag(whom, IDL::ExposedTo::DedicatedWorker))
interface_sets.dedicated_worker_exposed.append(interface);
if (has_flag(whom, IDL::ExposedTo::SharedWorker))
interface_sets.shared_worker_exposed.append(interface);
if (has_flag(whom, IDL::ExposedTo::ShadowRealm))
interface_sets.shadow_realm_exposed.append(interface);
return {};
}