feat(adapters): add capability flags to ServerAdapterModule (#3540)

## Thinking Path

> - Paperclip orchestrates AI agents via adapters (`claude_local`,
`codex_local`, etc.)
> - Each adapter type has different capabilities — instructions bundles,
skill materialization, local JWT — but these were gated by 5 hardcoded
type lists scattered across server routes and UI components
> - External adapter plugins (e.g. a future `opencode_k8s`) cannot add
themselves to those hardcoded lists without patching Paperclip source
> - The existing `supportsLocalAgentJwt` field on `ServerAdapterModule`
proves the right pattern already exists; it just wasn't applied to the
other capability gates
> - This pull request replaces the 4 remaining hardcoded lists with
declarative capability flags on `ServerAdapterModule`, exposed through
the adapter listing API
> - The benefit is that external adapter plugins can now declare their
own capabilities without any changes to Paperclip source code

## What Changed

- **`packages/adapter-utils/src/types.ts`** — added optional capability
fields to `ServerAdapterModule`: `supportsInstructionsBundle`,
`instructionsPathKey`, `requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills`
- **`server/src/routes/agents.ts`** — replaced
`DEFAULT_MANAGED_INSTRUCTIONS_ADAPTER_TYPES` and
`ADAPTERS_REQUIRING_MATERIALIZED_RUNTIME_SKILLS` hardcoded sets with
capability-aware helper functions that fall back to the legacy sets for
adapters that don't set flags
- **`server/src/routes/adapters.ts`** — `GET /api/adapters` now includes
a `capabilities` object per adapter (all four flags + derived
`supportsSkills`)
- **`server/src/adapters/registry.ts`** — all built-in adapters
(`claude_local`, `codex_local`, `process`, `cursor`) now declare flags
explicitly
- **`ui/src/adapters/use-adapter-capabilities.ts`** — new hook that
fetches adapter capabilities from the API
- **`ui/src/pages/AgentDetail.tsx`** — replaced hardcoded `isLocal`
allowlist with `capabilities.supportsInstructionsBundle` from the API
- **`ui/src/components/AgentConfigForm.tsx`** /
**`OnboardingWizard.tsx`** — replaced `NONLOCAL_TYPES` denylist with
capability-based checks
- **`server/src/__tests__/adapter-registry.test.ts`** /
**`adapter-routes.test.ts`** — tests covering flag exposure,
undefined-when-unset, and per-adapter values
- **`docs/adapters/creating-an-adapter.md`** — new "Capability Flags"
section documenting all flags and an example for external plugin authors

## Verification

- Run `pnpm test --filter=@paperclip/server -- adapter-registry
adapter-routes` — all new tests pass
- Run `pnpm test --filter=@paperclip/adapter-utils` — existing tests
still pass
- Spin up dev server, open an agent with `claude_local` type —
instructions bundle tab still visible
- Create/open an agent with a non-local type — instructions bundle tab
still hidden
- Call `GET /api/adapters` and verify each adapter includes a
`capabilities` object with the correct flags

## Risks

- **Low risk overall** — all new flags are optional with
backwards-compatible fallbacks to the existing hardcoded sets; no
adapter behaviour changes unless a flag is explicitly set
- Adapters that do not declare flags continue to use the legacy lists,
so there is no regression risk for built-in adapters
- The UI capability hook adds one API call to AgentDetail mount; this is
a pre-existing endpoint, so no new latency path is introduced

## Model Used

- Provider: Anthropic
- Model: Claude Sonnet 4.6 (`claude-sonnet-4-6`)
- Context: 200k token context window
- Mode: Agentic tool use (code editing, bash, grep, file reads)

## Checklist

- [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context
to this change
- [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability
details)
- [x] I have run tests locally and they pass
- [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable
- [ ] If this change affects the UI, I have included before/after
screenshots
- [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes
- [x] I have considered and documented any risks above
- [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before
requesting merge

---------

Co-authored-by: Pawla Abdul (Bot) <pawla@groombook.dev>
Co-authored-by: Paperclip <noreply@paperclip.ing>

ui/src/adapters/use-adapter-capabilities.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import { useMemo } from "react";
+import { useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+import { adaptersApi, type AdapterCapabilities } from "@/api/adapters";
+import { queryKeys } from "@/lib/queryKeys";
+
+const ALL_FALSE: AdapterCapabilities = {
+  supportsInstructionsBundle: false,
+  supportsSkills: false,
+  supportsLocalAgentJwt: false,
+  requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: false,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Synchronous fallback for known built-in adapter types so capability checks
+ * return correct values on first render before the /api/adapters call resolves.
+ */
+const KNOWN_DEFAULTS: Record<string, AdapterCapabilities> = {
+  claude_local: { supportsInstructionsBundle: true, supportsSkills: true, supportsLocalAgentJwt: true, requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: false },
+  codex_local: { supportsInstructionsBundle: true, supportsSkills: true, supportsLocalAgentJwt: true, requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: false },
+  cursor: { supportsInstructionsBundle: true, supportsSkills: true, supportsLocalAgentJwt: true, requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: true },
+  gemini_local: { supportsInstructionsBundle: true, supportsSkills: true, supportsLocalAgentJwt: true, requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: true },
+  opencode_local: { supportsInstructionsBundle: true, supportsSkills: true, supportsLocalAgentJwt: true, requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: true },
+  pi_local: { supportsInstructionsBundle: true, supportsSkills: true, supportsLocalAgentJwt: true, requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: true },
+  hermes_local: { supportsInstructionsBundle: true, supportsSkills: true, supportsLocalAgentJwt: true, requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: false },
+  openclaw_gateway: ALL_FALSE,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Returns a lookup function that resolves adapter capabilities by type.
+ *
+ * Capabilities are fetched from the server adapter listing API and cached
+ * via react-query. Before the data loads, known built-in adapter types
+ * return correct synchronous defaults to avoid cold-load regressions.
+ */
+export function useAdapterCapabilities(): (type: string) => AdapterCapabilities {
+  const { data: adapters } = useQuery({
+    queryKey: queryKeys.adapters.all,
+    queryFn: () => adaptersApi.list(),
+    staleTime: 5 * 60 * 1000,
+  });
+
+  const capMap = useMemo(() => {
+    const map = new Map<string, AdapterCapabilities>();
+    if (adapters) {
+      for (const a of adapters) {
+        map.set(a.type, a.capabilities);
+      }
+    }
+    return map;
+  }, [adapters]);
+
+  return (type: string): AdapterCapabilities =>
+    capMap.get(type) ?? KNOWN_DEFAULTS[type] ?? ALL_FALSE;
+}

ui/src/api/adapters.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,13 @@
 
 import { api } from "./client";
 
+export interface AdapterCapabilities {
+  supportsInstructionsBundle: boolean;
+  supportsSkills: boolean;
+  supportsLocalAgentJwt: boolean;
+  requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: boolean;
+}
+
 export interface AdapterInfo {
   type: string;
   label: string;
@@ -11,6 +18,7 @@ export interface AdapterInfo {
   modelsCount: number;
   loaded: boolean;
   disabled: boolean;
+  capabilities: AdapterCapabilities;
   /** Installed version (for external npm adapters) */
   version?: string;
   /** Package name (for external adapters) */

ui/src/components/AgentConfigForm.tsx

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ import { listAdapterOptions, listVisibleAdapterTypes } from "../adapters/metadat
 import { getAdapterLabel } from "../adapters/adapter-display-registry";
 import { useDisabledAdaptersSync } from "../adapters/use-disabled-adapters";
 import { buildAgentUpdatePatch, type AgentConfigOverlay } from "../lib/agent-config-patch";
+import { useAdapterCapabilities } from "../adapters/use-adapter-capabilities";
 
 /* ---- Create mode values ---- */
 
@@ -269,8 +270,9 @@ export function AgentConfigForm(props: AgentConfigFormProps) {
   const adapterType = isCreate
     ? props.values.adapterType
     : overlay.adapterType ?? props.agent.adapterType;
-  const NONLOCAL_TYPES = new Set(["process", "http", "openclaw_gateway"]);
-  const isLocal = !NONLOCAL_TYPES.has(adapterType);
+  const getCapabilities = useAdapterCapabilities();
+  const adapterCaps = getCapabilities(adapterType);
+  const isLocal = adapterCaps.supportsInstructionsBundle || adapterCaps.supportsSkills || adapterCaps.supportsLocalAgentJwt;
   
   const showLegacyWorkingDirectoryField =
     isLocal && shouldShowLegacyWorkingDirectoryField({ isCreate, adapterConfig: config });

ui/src/components/OnboardingWizard.tsx

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import {
 import { getUIAdapter } from "../adapters";
 import { listUIAdapters } from "../adapters";
 import { useDisabledAdaptersSync } from "../adapters/use-disabled-adapters";
+import { useAdapterCapabilities } from "../adapters/use-adapter-capabilities";
 import { getAdapterDisplay } from "../adapters/adapter-display-registry";
 import { defaultCreateValues } from "./agent-config-defaults";
 import { parseOnboardingGoalInput } from "../lib/onboarding-goal";
@@ -198,8 +199,9 @@ export function OnboardingWizard() {
     queryFn: () => agentsApi.adapterModels(createdCompanyId!, adapterType),
     enabled: Boolean(createdCompanyId) && effectiveOnboardingOpen && step === 2
   });
-  const NONLOCAL_TYPES = new Set(["process", "http", "openclaw_gateway"]);
-  const isLocalAdapter = !NONLOCAL_TYPES.has(adapterType);
+  const getCapabilities = useAdapterCapabilities();
+  const adapterCaps = getCapabilities(adapterType);
+  const isLocalAdapter = adapterCaps.supportsInstructionsBundle || adapterCaps.supportsSkills || adapterCaps.supportsLocalAgentJwt;
 
   // Build adapter grids dynamically from the UI registry + display metadata.
   // External/plugin adapters automatically appear with generic defaults.

ui/src/pages/AdapterManager.tsx

@@ -610,6 +610,12 @@ export function AdapterManager() {
                   modelsCount: 0,
                   loaded: true,
                   disabled: virtual.menuDisabled,
+                  capabilities: {
+                    supportsInstructionsBundle: false,
+                    supportsSkills: false,
+                    supportsLocalAgentJwt: false,
+                    requiresMaterializedRuntimeSkills: false,
+                  },
                 }}
                 canRemove={false}
                 onToggle={(type, disabled) => toggleMutation.mutate({ type, disabled })}

ui/src/pages/AgentDetail.tsx

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import { AgentConfigForm } from "../components/AgentConfigForm";
 import { PageTabBar } from "../components/PageTabBar";
 import { adapterLabels, roleLabels, help } from "../components/agent-config-primitives";
 import { ToggleSwitch } from "@/components/ui/toggle-switch";
+import { useAdapterCapabilities } from "@/adapters/use-adapter-capabilities";
 import { MarkdownEditor } from "../components/MarkdownEditor";
 import { assetsApi } from "../api/assets";
 import { getUIAdapter, buildTranscript, onAdapterChange } from "../adapters";
@@ -1719,13 +1720,8 @@ function PromptsTab({
     externalBundleRef.current = null;
   }, [agent.id]);
 
-  const isLocal =
-    agent.adapterType === "claude_local" ||
-    agent.adapterType === "codex_local" ||
-    agent.adapterType === "opencode_local" ||
-    agent.adapterType === "pi_local" ||
-    agent.adapterType === "hermes_local" ||
-    agent.adapterType === "cursor";
+  const getCapabilities = useAdapterCapabilities();
+  const isLocal = getCapabilities(agent.adapterType).supportsInstructionsBundle;
 
   const { data: bundle, isLoading: bundleLoading } = useQuery({
     queryKey: queryKeys.agents.instructionsBundle(agent.id),