{
  "source": "Curated from operator disclosures, regulator filings, GEM (CC-BY 4.0)",
  "methodologyUrl": "/docs/methodology/pipelines",
  "version": "v1",
  "referenceYear": 2026,
  "classifierVersion": "v1",
  "pipelines": {
    "druzhba-north": {
      "id": "druzhba-north",
      "name": "Druzhba Pipeline (Northern Branch)",
      "operator": "Transneft / PERN / MERO",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "RU",
      "toCountry": "DE",
      "transitCountries": ["BY", "PL"],
      "capacityMbd": 1.0,
      "lengthKm": 4000,
      "inService": 1964,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 52.60, "lon": 49.40 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 52.32, "lon": 14.06 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "offline",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Germany ended Druzhba imports Jan 2023; PCK Schwedt now sourced via Rostock/Gdansk.",
          "url": "https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news",
          "date": "2023-01-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "suspended",
        "sanctionRefs": [
          { "authority": "EU", "listId": "Regulation 2022/879 (Russian crude embargo)", "date": "2022-06-03", "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32022R0879" }
        ],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.92
      }
    },
    "druzhba-south": {
      "id": "druzhba-south",
      "name": "Druzhba Pipeline (Southern Branch)",
      "operator": "Transneft / MOL / Slovnaft",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "RU",
      "toCountry": "HU",
      "transitCountries": ["BY", "UA", "SK"],
      "capacityMbd": 0.6,
      "lengthKm": 2400,
      "inService": 1964,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 52.60, "lon": 49.40 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 47.50, "lon": 19.04 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "reduced",
        "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [
          { "authority": "EU", "listId": "Regulation 2022/879 (derogation for landlocked HU/SK/CZ)", "date": "2022-06-03", "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32022R0879" }
        ],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.82
      }
    },
    "cpc": {
      "id": "cpc",
      "name": "Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC)",
      "operator": "Caspian Pipeline Consortium",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "KZ",
      "toCountry": "RU",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 1.4,
      "lengthKm": 1511,
      "inService": 2001,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 46.32, "lon": 53.40 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 44.72, "lon": 37.77 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.8
      }
    },
    "espo": {
      "id": "espo",
      "name": "Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean Pipeline (ESPO)",
      "operator": "Transneft",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "RU",
      "toCountry": "RU",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 1.6,
      "lengthKm": 4857,
      "inService": 2009,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 56.15, "lon": 101.88 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 42.66, "lon": 133.05 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [
          { "authority": "G7+EU", "listId": "Russian crude price cap ($60/bbl; $47.60 from 2026-02)", "date": "2022-12-05", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1161" }
        ],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.85
      }
    },
    "btc": {
      "id": "btc",
      "name": "Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan (BTC)",
      "operator": "BTC Co. (BP operated)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "AZ",
      "toCountry": "TR",
      "transitCountries": ["GE"],
      "capacityMbd": 1.2,
      "lengthKm": 1768,
      "inService": 2006,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 40.38, "lon": 49.87 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 36.87, "lon": 35.93 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.9
      }
    },
    "taps": {
      "id": "taps",
      "name": "Trans-Alaska Pipeline (TAPS)",
      "operator": "Alyeska Pipeline Service Co.",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "US",
      "toCountry": "US",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 2.1,
      "lengthKm": 1287,
      "inService": 1977,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 70.25, "lon": -148.34 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 61.13, "lon": -146.35 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.95
      }
    },
    "habshan-fujairah": {
      "id": "habshan-fujairah",
      "name": "Abu Dhabi Crude Oil Pipeline (Habshan–Fujairah)",
      "operator": "IPIC / ADNOC",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "AE",
      "toCountry": "AE",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 1.5,
      "lengthKm": 360,
      "inService": 2012,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 23.75, "lon": 53.72 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 25.12, "lon": 56.36 },
      "note": "Strategic Hormuz bypass — rerouted volume during Hormuz disruptions.",
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.92
      }
    },
    "keystone": {
      "id": "keystone",
      "name": "Keystone Pipeline System (Phase 1-3)",
      "operator": "TC Energy",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "CA",
      "toCountry": "US",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.59,
      "lengthKm": 4324,
      "inService": 2010,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 53.66, "lon": -113.62 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 29.38, "lon": -94.90 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.93
      }
    },
    "kirkuk-ceyhan": {
      "id": "kirkuk-ceyhan",
      "name": "Kirkuk–Ceyhan Pipeline",
      "operator": "BOTAS / North Oil Company / Iraqi State Oil Marketing Organization",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "IQ",
      "toCountry": "TR",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 1.6,
      "lengthKm": 970,
      "inService": 1977,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 35.47, "lon": 44.39 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 36.87, "lon": 35.93 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "offline",
        "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "suspended",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "note": "Flow halted in Mar 2023 following ICC arbitration ruling; intermittent resumption since.",
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.78
      }
    },
    "baku-supsa": {
      "id": "baku-supsa",
      "name": "Baku–Supsa (Western Route Export) Pipeline",
      "operator": "BP / AIOC",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "AZ",
      "toCountry": "GE",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.145,
      "lengthKm": 833,
      "inService": 1999,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 40.38, "lon": 49.87 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 41.95, "lon": 41.75 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.85
      }
    },
    "trans-mountain": {
      "id": "trans-mountain",
      "name": "Trans Mountain Pipeline (incl. TMX expansion)",
      "operator": "Trans Mountain Corporation (Government of Canada)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "CA",
      "toCountry": "CA",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.89,
      "lengthKm": 1150,
      "inService": 1953,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 53.55, "lon": -113.49 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 49.28, "lon": -122.95 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "TMX expansion commissioned May 2024, tripling capacity to 890 kbpd.",
          "url": "https://www.transmountain.com/news",
          "date": "2024-05-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.95
      }
    },
    "eastern-siberia-china-oil": {
      "id": "eastern-siberia-china-oil",
      "name": "ESPO Spur to Daqing (China Branch)",
      "operator": "Transneft / CNPC",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "RU",
      "toCountry": "CN",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.6,
      "lengthKm": 1030,
      "inService": 2011,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 53.37, "lon": 122.44 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 46.80, "lon": 125.02 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [
          { "authority": "G7+EU", "listId": "Russian crude price cap", "date": "2022-12-05", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1161" }
        ],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.85
      }
    },
    "enbridge-mainline": {
      "id": "enbridge-mainline",
      "name": "Enbridge Mainline System",
      "operator": "Enbridge",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "CA",
      "toCountry": "US",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 3.15,
      "lengthKm": 4625,
      "inService": 1950,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 53.55, "lon": -113.50 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 46.72, "lon": -92.10 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.95
      }
    },
    "enbridge-line-3-replacement": {
      "id": "enbridge-line-3-replacement",
      "name": "Enbridge Line 3 Replacement",
      "operator": "Enbridge",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "CA",
      "toCountry": "US",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.76,
      "lengthKm": 1660,
      "inService": 2021,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 53.31, "lon": -109.07 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 46.72, "lon": -92.10 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.92
      }
    },
    "flanagan-south": {
      "id": "flanagan-south",
      "name": "Flanagan South Pipeline",
      "operator": "Enbridge",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "US",
      "toCountry": "US",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.6,
      "lengthKm": 950,
      "inService": 2014,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 40.88, "lon": -88.85 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 35.97, "lon": -96.77 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.9
      }
    },
    "seaway": {
      "id": "seaway",
      "name": "Seaway Pipeline",
      "operator": "Enbridge / Enterprise Products (Seaway Crude Pipeline Company)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "US",
      "toCountry": "US",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.95,
      "lengthKm": 1060,
      "inService": 1976,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 35.97, "lon": -96.77 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 28.98, "lon": -95.37 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.92
      }
    },
    "marketlink": {
      "id": "marketlink",
      "name": "Marketlink (TC Energy)",
      "operator": "TC Energy",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "US",
      "toCountry": "US",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.75,
      "lengthKm": 784,
      "inService": 2014,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 35.97, "lon": -96.77 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 29.73, "lon": -93.87 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.9
      }
    },
    "spearhead": {
      "id": "spearhead",
      "name": "Spearhead Pipeline",
      "operator": "Enbridge",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "US",
      "toCountry": "US",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.193,
      "lengthKm": 1050,
      "inService": 1977,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 40.88, "lon": -88.85 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 35.97, "lon": -96.77 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.88
      }
    },
    "sumed": {
      "id": "sumed",
      "name": "SuMed Pipeline",
      "operator": "Arab Petroleum Pipelines Company (SUMED)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "EG",
      "toCountry": "EG",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 2.8,
      "lengthKm": 320,
      "inService": 1977,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 29.60, "lon": 32.35 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 30.95, "lon": 29.55 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.92
      }
    },
    "east-west-saudi": {
      "id": "east-west-saudi",
      "name": "East–West Crude Pipeline (Petroline)",
      "operator": "Saudi Aramco",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "SA",
      "toCountry": "SA",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 5.0,
      "lengthKm": 1200,
      "inService": 1981,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 26.43, "lon": 50.10 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 22.20, "lon": 39.13 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.95
      }
    },
    "ipsa-2": {
      "id": "ipsa-2",
      "name": "Iraq–Saudi Arabia Pipeline (IPSA-2)",
      "operator": "Saudi Aramco (nationalised 2001)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "IQ",
      "toCountry": "SA",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 1.65,
      "lengthKm": 1200,
      "inService": 1989,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 30.95, "lon": 47.70 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 24.92, "lon": 38.55 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "offline",
        "physicalStateSource": "regulator",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Pipeline closed since Iraqi invasion of Kuwait 1990; Saudi Arabia nationalised the line 2001 and converted the western section 2017 to carry natural gas.",
          "url": "https://www.aramco.com/",
          "date": "2001-06-10"
        },
        "commercialState": "suspended",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.92
      }
    },
    "kazakhstan-china-crude": {
      "id": "kazakhstan-china-crude",
      "name": "Kazakhstan–China Crude Pipeline",
      "operator": "KazTransOil / CNPC",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "KZ",
      "toCountry": "CN",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.4,
      "lengthKm": 2228,
      "inService": 2006,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 47.11, "lon": 51.92 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 45.13, "lon": 82.57 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.88
      }
    },
    "chad-cameroon-cotco": {
      "id": "chad-cameroon-cotco",
      "name": "Chad–Cameroon Pipeline (COTCO)",
      "operator": "Cameroon Oil Transportation Company (COTCO)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "TD",
      "toCountry": "CM",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.25,
      "lengthKm": 1070,
      "inService": 2003,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 9.20, "lon": 15.97 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 2.95, "lon": 9.83 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.85
      }
    },
    "ocp-ecuador": {
      "id": "ocp-ecuador",
      "name": "Oleoducto de Crudos Pesados (OCP)",
      "operator": "OCP Ecuador S.A.",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "EC",
      "toCountry": "EC",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.45,
      "lengthKm": 485,
      "inService": 2003,
      "startPoint": { "lat": -0.47, "lon": -76.98 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": -0.95, "lon": -80.73 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.88
      }
    },
    "sote-ecuador": {
      "id": "sote-ecuador",
      "name": "Sistema de Oleoducto Transecuatoriano (SOTE)",
      "operator": "Petroecuador",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "EC",
      "toCountry": "EC",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.36,
      "lengthKm": 497,
      "inService": 1972,
      "startPoint": { "lat": -0.07, "lon": -76.88 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": -0.95, "lon": -80.73 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.85
      }
    },
    "tal-trieste-ingolstadt": {
      "id": "tal-trieste-ingolstadt",
      "name": "Transalpine Pipeline (TAL)",
      "operator": "TAL Group (OMV-led consortium)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "IT",
      "toCountry": "DE",
      "transitCountries": ["AT"],
      "capacityMbd": 0.77,
      "lengthKm": 753,
      "inService": 1967,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 45.67, "lon": 13.76 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 48.77, "lon": 11.43 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.92
      }
    },
    "janaf-adria": {
      "id": "janaf-adria",
      "name": "JANAF / Adria Pipeline",
      "operator": "JANAF",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "HR",
      "toCountry": "HU",
      "transitCountries": ["RS"],
      "capacityMbd": 0.28,
      "lengthKm": 750,
      "inService": 1979,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 45.15, "lon": 14.60 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 47.38, "lon": 19.00 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.88
      }
    },
    "norpipe-oil": {
      "id": "norpipe-oil",
      "name": "Norpipe (Oil)",
      "operator": "Gassco (Norpipe Oil AS)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "NO",
      "toCountry": "DE",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.9,
      "lengthKm": 354,
      "inService": 1975,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 56.55, "lon": 3.22 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 54.15, "lon": 8.87 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.92
      }
    },
    "bps-1": {
      "id": "bps-1",
      "name": "Baltic Pipeline System 1 (Primorsk)",
      "operator": "Transneft",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "RU",
      "toCountry": "RU",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 1.3,
      "lengthKm": 2700,
      "inService": 2001,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 56.93, "lon": 52.92 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 60.37, "lon": 28.62 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [
          { "authority": "G7+EU", "listId": "Russian crude price cap", "date": "2022-12-05", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1161" }
        ],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.88
      }
    },
    "bps-2": {
      "id": "bps-2",
      "name": "Baltic Pipeline System 2 (Ust-Luga)",
      "operator": "Transneft",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "RU",
      "toCountry": "RU",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.75,
      "lengthKm": 1170,
      "inService": 2012,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 53.38, "lon": 34.33 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 59.67, "lon": 28.42 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [
          { "authority": "G7+EU", "listId": "Russian crude price cap", "date": "2022-12-05", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1161" }
        ],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.88
      }
    },
    "enbridge-line-5": {
      "id": "enbridge-line-5",
      "name": "Enbridge Line 5",
      "operator": "Enbridge",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "CA",
      "toCountry": "CA",
      "transitCountries": ["US"],
      "capacityMbd": 0.54,
      "lengthKm": 1038,
      "inService": 1953,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 46.75, "lon": -92.10 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 42.95, "lon": -83.00 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Line 5 continues to operate; ongoing litigation with the State of Michigan over easement under Straits of Mackinac. Tunnel replacement project in permitting.",
          "url": "https://www.enbridge.com/projects-and-infrastructure/public-awareness/line-5-michigan",
          "date": "2024-06-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.9
      }
    },
    "keystone-xl-cancelled": {
      "id": "keystone-xl-cancelled",
      "name": "Keystone XL (cancelled 2021)",
      "operator": "TC Energy (project sponsor; permit revoked)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "CA",
      "toCountry": "US",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.83,
      "lengthKm": 1897,
      "inService": 0,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 52.28, "lon": -110.83 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 40.03, "lon": -97.72 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "unknown",
        "physicalStateSource": "regulator",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Biden administration revoked presidential permit 20 Jan 2021. TC Energy terminated the project 9 Jun 2021. Not constructed; listed for historical / geopolitical completeness.",
          "url": "https://www.tcenergy.com/announcements/2021/2021-06-09-tc-energy-confirms-termination-of-keystone-xl-pipeline-project/",
          "date": "2021-06-09"
        },
        "commercialState": "expired",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.95
      }
    },
    "trans-panama-pipeline": {
      "id": "trans-panama-pipeline",
      "name": "Trans-Panama Pipeline",
      "operator": "Petroterminal de Panamá",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "PA",
      "toCountry": "PA",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.9,
      "lengthKm": 131,
      "inService": 1982,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 9.33, "lon": -82.23 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 8.27, "lon": -82.80 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.88
      }
    },
    "rotterdam-rhine-rrp": {
      "id": "rotterdam-rhine-rrp",
      "name": "Rotterdam–Rhine Pipeline (RRP)",
      "operator": "BP / Shell / ExxonMobil (RRP consortium)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "NL",
      "toCountry": "DE",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.5,
      "lengthKm": 275,
      "inService": 1960,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 51.90, "lon": 4.15 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 50.13, "lon": 8.78 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.9
      }
    },
    "spse": {
      "id": "spse",
      "name": "Pipeline Sud-Européen (SPSE)",
      "operator": "SPSE SAS (Trafigura / ExxonMobil / others)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "FR",
      "toCountry": "DE",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.49,
      "lengthKm": 769,
      "inService": 1962,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 43.45, "lon": 4.95 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 49.01, "lon": 8.40 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.88
      }
    },
    "forties-pipeline": {
      "id": "forties-pipeline",
      "name": "Forties Pipeline System",
      "operator": "INEOS Forties Pipeline System",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "GB",
      "toCountry": "GB",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.6,
      "lengthKm": 169,
      "inService": 1975,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 57.75, "lon": 0.97 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 56.95, "lon": -2.23 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.92
      }
    },
    "brent-pipeline": {
      "id": "brent-pipeline",
      "name": "Brent System Pipeline",
      "operator": "Shell",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "NO",
      "toCountry": "GB",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.5,
      "lengthKm": 150,
      "inService": 1978,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 61.08, "lon": 1.72 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 60.48, "lon": -1.30 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "reduced",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Brent field in decommissioning phase; pipeline continues to serve residual Shetland North Sea production, throughput reduced from peak.",
          "url": "https://www.shell.com/about-us/projects-and-sites/brent-decommissioning.html",
          "date": "2020-10-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.82
      }
    },
    "khafji-neutral-zone": {
      "id": "khafji-neutral-zone",
      "name": "Khafji–Neutral Zone Export Pipeline",
      "operator": "KJO (Saudi Arabian Chevron / Kuwait Gulf Oil)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "SA",
      "toCountry": "KW",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.31,
      "lengthKm": 120,
      "inService": 1960,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 28.43, "lon": 48.50 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 29.08, "lon": 48.13 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "reduced",
        "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": "Operations suspended 2014 over Saudi-Kuwait Neutral Zone operational dispute; partial restart late 2019 but throughput below nameplate per KJO operator statements + Reuters coverage.",
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.7
      }
    },
    "greater-nile-petroleum": {
      "id": "greater-nile-petroleum",
      "name": "Greater Nile Petroleum Pipeline",
      "operator": "GNPOC (CNPC / Petronas / ONGC consortium)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "SS",
      "toCountry": "SD",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.27,
      "lengthKm": 1610,
      "inService": 1999,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 9.55, "lon": 30.08 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 19.57, "lon": 37.18 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "reduced",
        "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": "Repeated conflict-driven shutdowns since 2011 South Sudan independence; most recent halt April 2023 per Sudan Ministry of Energy + Reuters coverage.",
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.72
      }
    },
    "trans-andino": {
      "id": "trans-andino",
      "name": "Transandino Pipeline (Argentina–Chile)",
      "operator": "Oleoducto Trasandino S.A.",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "AR",
      "toCountry": "CL",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.11,
      "lengthKm": 427,
      "inService": 1994,
      "startPoint": { "lat": -37.72, "lon": -69.10 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": -36.77, "lon": -73.05 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "offline",
        "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Crude exports through the Transandino halted 2006 amid Argentine export restrictions; pipeline intermittent since. Some natural-gas liquids traffic continues.",
          "url": "https://www.enap.cl/",
          "date": "2023-01-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "expired",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.78
      }
    },
    "odesa-brody": {
      "id": "odesa-brody",
      "name": "Odesa–Brody Pipeline",
      "operator": "Ukrtransnafta",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "UA",
      "toCountry": "UA",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.18,
      "lengthKm": 674,
      "inService": 2001,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 46.48, "lon": 30.73 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 50.08, "lon": 25.15 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "offline",
        "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "expired",
        "sanctionRefs": [
          { "authority": "EU", "listId": "2022/879 (Russian oil embargo, 6th sanctions package)", "date": "2022-06-03", "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32022R0879" }
        ],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.8
      }
    },
    "ab-1-bahrain": {
      "id": "ab-1-bahrain",
      "name": "AB-1 (Saudi Arabia–Bahrain)",
      "operator": "Bapco / Saudi Aramco",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "SA",
      "toCountry": "BH",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.35,
      "lengthKm": 115,
      "inService": 2018,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 25.57, "lon": 49.80 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 26.18, "lon": 50.63 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.88
      }
    },
    "pemex-nuevo-cactus": {
      "id": "pemex-nuevo-cactus",
      "name": "Nuevo Pemex–Cactus Crude Pipeline (Mexico)",
      "operator": "Pemex",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "MX",
      "toCountry": "MX",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.44,
      "lengthKm": 155,
      "inService": 1980,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 18.03, "lon": -93.15 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 17.58, "lon": -93.32 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.78
      }
    },
    "nigeria-forcados-export": {
      "id": "nigeria-forcados-export",
      "name": "Nigeria Forcados Export System",
      "operator": "SPDC / Renaissance Africa Energy",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "NG",
      "toCountry": "NG",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.4,
      "lengthKm": 92,
      "inService": 1971,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 5.55, "lon": 5.72 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 5.35, "lon": 5.35 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "reduced",
        "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Recurring force majeure declarations due to crude theft + pipeline vandalism in the Niger Delta; throughput significantly below nameplate.",
          "url": "https://www.shell.com.ng/",
          "date": "2024-09-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.82
      }
    },
    "nigeria-bonny-export": {
      "id": "nigeria-bonny-export",
      "name": "Nigeria Bonny Export System (Trans Niger Pipeline)",
      "operator": "SPDC / Renaissance Africa Energy",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "NG",
      "toCountry": "NG",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.45,
      "lengthKm": 180,
      "inService": 1965,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 4.72, "lon": 7.28 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 4.43, "lon": 7.17 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "reduced",
        "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Trans Niger Pipeline (TNP) chronically disrupted by tap-ins; Shell has declared force majeure multiple times in recent years. Bonny terminal exports intermittent.",
          "url": "https://www.shell.com.ng/",
          "date": "2024-08-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.82
      }
    },
    "kirkuk-haifa-idle": {
      "id": "kirkuk-haifa-idle",
      "name": "Kirkuk–Haifa Pipeline (closed 1948)",
      "operator": "Iraq Petroleum Company (historical; now defunct)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "IQ",
      "toCountry": "IL",
      "transitCountries": ["JO"],
      "capacityMbd": 0.08,
      "lengthKm": 942,
      "inService": 1934,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 35.47, "lon": 44.40 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 32.82, "lon": 35.00 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "offline",
        "physicalStateSource": "regulator",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Pipeline was closed by newly-independent Iraq in 1948 and abandoned; sections dismantled or repurposed. Listed for historical / geopolitical completeness; periodically floated as a reopening proposal.",
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosul%E2%80%93Haifa_oil_pipeline",
          "date": "1948-08-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "expired",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.9
      }
    },
    "djeno-congo": {
      "id": "djeno-congo",
      "name": "Djeno Terminal System (Congo)",
      "operator": "TotalEnergies / Eni / Perenco (Djeno consortium)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "CG",
      "toCountry": "CG",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.27,
      "lengthKm": 175,
      "inService": 1981,
      "startPoint": { "lat": -4.12, "lon": 11.85 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": -4.77, "lon": 11.85 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.78
      }
    },
    "uganda-tanzania-eacop-planned": {
      "id": "uganda-tanzania-eacop-planned",
      "name": "East African Crude Oil Pipeline (EACOP, under construction)",
      "operator": "TotalEnergies / CNOOC / UNOC / TPDC",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "UG",
      "toCountry": "TZ",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.216,
      "lengthKm": 1443,
      "inService": 0,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 2.27, "lon": 31.50 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": -5.08, "lon": 39.05 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "unknown",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "Under construction; first oil targeted 2025 (subject to continued schedule slips). Project faces financing challenges after Western bank withdrawals citing climate / human-rights concerns.",
          "url": "https://eacop.com/",
          "date": "2024-10-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.82
      }
    },
    "myanmar-china-crude": {
      "id": "myanmar-china-crude",
      "name": "Myanmar–China Crude Pipeline",
      "operator": "South East Asia Crude Pipeline Company (CNPC-led)",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "MM",
      "toCountry": "CN",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.44,
      "lengthKm": 771,
      "inService": 2017,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 20.15, "lon": 93.53 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 24.45, "lon": 98.58 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "flowing",
        "physicalStateSource": "operator",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.85
      }
    },
    "baku-novorossiysk-northern": {
      "id": "baku-novorossiysk-northern",
      "name": "Baku–Novorossiysk Northern Route Pipeline",
      "operator": "Transneft / SOCAR",
      "commodityType": "oil",
      "productClass": "crude",
      "fromCountry": "AZ",
      "toCountry": "RU",
      "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.1,
      "lengthKm": 1330,
      "inService": 1996,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 40.37, "lon": 50.25 },
      "endPoint": { "lat": 44.72, "lon": 37.75 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "reduced",
        "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": null,
        "commercialState": "under_contract",
        "sanctionRefs": [
          { "authority": "G7+EU", "listId": "Russian crude price cap", "date": "2022-12-05", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1161" }
        ],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z",
        "classifierVersion": "v1",
        "classifierConfidence": 0.78
      }
    },
    "colombia-cano-limon-covenas": {
      "id": "colombia-cano-limon-covenas", "name": "Caño Limón–Coveñas Pipeline", "operator": "Ecopetrol / Occidental",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "CO", "toCountry": "CO", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.22, "lengthKm": 785, "inService": 1986,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 6.95, "lon": -71.33 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 9.40, "lon": -75.68 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "reduced", "physicalStateSource": "press", "operatorStatement": {
        "text": "Chronic ELN insurgent sabotage attacks interrupt throughput multiple times annually; 2024 attacks again forced force-majeure declarations.",
        "url": "https://www.ecopetrol.com.co/", "date": "2024-11-01"
      }, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.8 }
    },
    "colombia-ocensa": {
      "id": "colombia-ocensa", "name": "Oleoducto Central (OCENSA)", "operator": "OCENSA (Ecopetrol-led)",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "CO", "toCountry": "CO", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.65, "lengthKm": 836, "inService": 1997,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 4.13, "lon": -72.58 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 9.40, "lon": -75.68 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.88 }
    },
    "peru-norperuano": {
      "id": "peru-norperuano", "name": "Oleoducto Norperuano", "operator": "Petroperú",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "PE", "toCountry": "PE", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.2, "lengthKm": 854, "inService": 1977,
      "startPoint": { "lat": -4.48, "lon": -76.65 }, "endPoint": { "lat": -4.82, "lon": -81.10 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "reduced", "physicalStateSource": "press", "operatorStatement": {
        "text": "Recurring spill incidents + indigenous community protests have forced intermittent shutdowns across the jungle sections since 2016.",
        "url": "https://www.petroperu.com.pe/", "date": "2024-06-01"
      }, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.78 }
    },
    "ecuador-lago-agrio-orellana": {
      "id": "ecuador-lago-agrio-orellana", "name": "Lago Agrio–Orellana Feeder", "operator": "Petroecuador",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "EC", "toCountry": "EC", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.08, "lengthKm": 105, "inService": 1975,
      "startPoint": { "lat": -0.07, "lon": -76.88 }, "endPoint": { "lat": -0.47, "lon": -76.98 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.72 }
    },
    "venezuela-anzoategui-puerto-la-cruz": {
      "id": "venezuela-anzoategui-puerto-la-cruz", "name": "Anzoátegui–Puerto La Cruz Crude Trunk", "operator": "PDVSA",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "VE", "toCountry": "VE", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.35, "lengthKm": 220, "inService": 1960,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 9.80, "lon": -63.20 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 10.20, "lon": -64.62 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "reduced", "physicalStateSource": "press", "operatorStatement": "PDVSA infrastructure degraded post-2017; throughput reported well below nameplate per S&P Global Platts + Bloomberg PDVSA coverage.", "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [
        { "authority": "US", "listId": "OFAC Venezuela/PDVSA sanctions", "date": "2019-01-28", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/sanctions-programs-and-country-information/venezuela-related-sanctions" }
      ], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.72 }
    },
    "angola-cabinda-offshore": {
      "id": "angola-cabinda-offshore", "name": "Cabinda Offshore Export System", "operator": "Sonangol / Chevron",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "AO", "toCountry": "AO", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.55, "lengthKm": 185, "inService": 1968,
      "startPoint": { "lat": -5.72, "lon": 12.08 }, "endPoint": { "lat": -5.55, "lon": 12.20 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.82 }
    },
    "russia-sakhalin-2-crude": {
      "id": "russia-sakhalin-2-crude", "name": "Sakhalin-2 Crude Export Pipeline", "operator": "Sakhalin Energy (Gazprom-led, post-2022)",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "RU", "toCountry": "RU", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.18, "lengthKm": 800, "inService": 2008,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 53.17, "lon": 143.18 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 46.10, "lon": 142.70 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [
        { "authority": "G7+EU", "listId": "Russian crude price cap", "date": "2022-12-05", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1161" }
      ], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.82 }
    },
    "russia-omsk-pavlodar": {
      "id": "russia-omsk-pavlodar", "name": "Omsk–Pavlodar Crude Pipeline", "operator": "Transneft / KazTransOil",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "RU", "toCountry": "KZ", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.5, "lengthKm": 1500, "inService": 1977,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 54.99, "lon": 73.37 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 52.28, "lon": 76.95 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [
        { "authority": "G7+EU", "listId": "Russian crude price cap", "date": "2022-12-05", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1161" }
      ], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.8 }
    },
    "iran-abadan-isfahan": {
      "id": "iran-abadan-isfahan", "name": "Abadan–Isfahan Crude Pipeline", "operator": "NIOC",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "IR", "toCountry": "IR", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.34, "lengthKm": 770, "inService": 1969,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 30.35, "lon": 48.30 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 32.65, "lon": 51.67 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [
        { "authority": "US", "listId": "OFAC Iran energy sanctions framework", "date": "2018-08-07", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/sanctions-programs-and-country-information/iran-sanctions" }
      ], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.75 }
    },
    "iran-neka-tehran": {
      "id": "iran-neka-tehran", "name": "Neka–Tehran Crude Trunk", "operator": "NIOC",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "IR", "toCountry": "IR", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.37, "lengthKm": 325, "inService": 2003,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 36.65, "lon": 53.30 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 35.70, "lon": 51.42 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "reduced", "physicalStateSource": "press", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [
        { "authority": "US", "listId": "OFAC Iran energy sanctions framework", "date": "2018-08-07", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/sanctions-programs-and-country-information/iran-sanctions" }
      ], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.72 }
    },
    "saudi-abqaiq-yanbu-products": {
      "id": "saudi-abqaiq-yanbu-products", "name": "Abqaiq–Yanbu Products Line", "operator": "Saudi Aramco",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "products", "fromCountry": "SA", "toCountry": "SA", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.55, "lengthKm": 1170, "inService": 1981,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 25.93, "lon": 49.67 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 24.08, "lon": 38.08 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.88 }
    },
    "iraq-strategic-pipeline": {
      "id": "iraq-strategic-pipeline", "name": "Iraq Strategic Pipeline (North–South)", "operator": "Iraq State Oil Marketing Organization (SOMO)",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "IQ", "toCountry": "IQ", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 1.4, "lengthKm": 1000, "inService": 1975,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 35.47, "lon": 44.40 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 30.04, "lon": 47.96 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.8 }
    },
    "oman-muscat-export": {
      "id": "oman-muscat-export", "name": "Oman Main Oil Pipeline (Fahud–Mina al-Fahal)", "operator": "Petroleum Development Oman",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "OM", "toCountry": "OM", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 1.0, "lengthKm": 320, "inService": 1967,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 22.38, "lon": 56.50 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 23.55, "lon": 58.57 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.85 }
    },
    "uae-habshan-ruwais": {
      "id": "uae-habshan-ruwais", "name": "Habshan–Ruwais Crude Trunk", "operator": "ADNOC",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "AE", "toCountry": "AE", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 1.1, "lengthKm": 130, "inService": 1982,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 23.82, "lon": 53.73 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 24.08, "lon": 52.75 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.88 }
    },
    "mexico-salina-cruz-minatitlan": {
      "id": "mexico-salina-cruz-minatitlan", "name": "Salina Cruz–Minatitlán Products/Crude Bridge", "operator": "Pemex",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "mixed", "fromCountry": "MX", "toCountry": "MX", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.28, "lengthKm": 304, "inService": 1977,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 16.17, "lon": -95.20 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 17.98, "lon": -94.55 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.75 }
    },
    "mexico-madero-cadereyta": {
      "id": "mexico-madero-cadereyta", "name": "Madero–Cadereyta Crude Feed", "operator": "Pemex",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "MX", "toCountry": "MX", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.235, "lengthKm": 530, "inService": 1979,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 22.28, "lon": -97.85 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 25.72, "lon": -99.97 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.78 }
    },
    "india-salaya-mathura": {
      "id": "india-salaya-mathura", "name": "Salaya–Mathura Crude Pipeline", "operator": "Indian Oil Corporation",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "IN", "toCountry": "IN", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.5, "lengthKm": 1770, "inService": 1996,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 22.30, "lon": 69.70 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 27.50, "lon": 77.70 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.85 }
    },
    "india-vadinar-kandla": {
      "id": "india-vadinar-kandla", "name": "Vadinar–Kandla Products Pipeline", "operator": "Indian Oil Corporation",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "products", "fromCountry": "IN", "toCountry": "IN", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.18, "lengthKm": 116, "inService": 1994,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 22.45, "lon": 69.73 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 23.03, "lon": 70.22 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.78 }
    },
    "india-mundra-bhatinda": {
      "id": "india-mundra-bhatinda", "name": "Mundra–Bhatinda Crude Pipeline", "operator": "HPCL-Mittal Energy (HMEL)",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "IN", "toCountry": "IN", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.45, "lengthKm": 1014, "inService": 2011,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 22.83, "lon": 69.72 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 30.21, "lon": 74.95 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.85 }
    },
    "china-qinhuangdao-tianjin-huabei": {
      "id": "china-qinhuangdao-tianjin-huabei", "name": "Qinhuangdao–Tianjin–Huabei Trunk", "operator": "PetroChina",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "CN", "toCountry": "CN", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.4, "lengthKm": 418, "inService": 1996,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 39.93, "lon": 119.60 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 39.08, "lon": 117.20 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.8 }
    },
    "china-yangzi-hefei-hangzhou": {
      "id": "china-yangzi-hefei-hangzhou", "name": "Yangzi–Hefei–Hangzhou Products Pipeline", "operator": "Sinopec",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "products", "fromCountry": "CN", "toCountry": "CN", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.2, "lengthKm": 600, "inService": 2005,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 32.07, "lon": 118.78 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 30.27, "lon": 120.15 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.75 }
    },
    "russia-komsomolsk-perevoznaya": {
      "id": "russia-komsomolsk-perevoznaya", "name": "Komsomolsk–Perevoznaya Crude Pipeline (Khabarovsk Krai)", "operator": "Transneft",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "RU", "toCountry": "RU", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.4, "lengthKm": 1163, "inService": 2009,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 50.55, "lon": 137.02 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 42.75, "lon": 132.82 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [
        { "authority": "G7+EU", "listId": "Russian crude price cap", "date": "2022-12-05", "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1161" }
      ], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.78 }
    },
    "south-sudan-kenya-lamu-planned": {
      "id": "south-sudan-kenya-lamu-planned", "name": "South Sudan–Kenya Lamu Crude Pipeline (LAPSSET, planned)", "operator": "South Sudan Ministry of Petroleum / LAPSSET Corridor Development Authority",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "SS", "toCountry": "KE", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.45, "lengthKm": 2240, "inService": 0,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 9.55, "lon": 30.08 }, "endPoint": { "lat": -2.27, "lon": 40.90 },
      "evidence": {
        "physicalState": "unknown", "physicalStateSource": "press",
        "operatorStatement": {
          "text": "LAPSSET programme (Lamu Port South-Sudan Ethiopia Transport) includes a crude pipeline to reduce South Sudan dependence on Sudan transit. Financing + alignment remain unresolved. Construction not commenced on main trunk.",
          "url": "https://www.lapsset.go.ke/", "date": "2024-05-01"
        },
        "commercialState": "unknown", "sanctionRefs": [],
        "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.68
      }
    },
    "mexico-gulf-coast-pipeline": {
      "id": "mexico-gulf-coast-pipeline", "name": "Tuxpan–Mexico City Products Pipeline", "operator": "Pemex Logística",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "products", "fromCountry": "MX", "toCountry": "MX", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.12, "lengthKm": 298, "inService": 1974,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 20.95, "lon": -97.40 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 19.43, "lon": -99.13 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "reduced", "physicalStateSource": "press", "operatorStatement": "Pemex Gulf pipelines face recurring leaks and clandestine tap theft (huachicol); throughput reduced since 2017 per Pemex annual reports + Reuters Mexico coverage.", "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.68 }
    },
    "iraq-bai-hassan": {
      "id": "iraq-bai-hassan", "name": "Bai Hassan Crude Gathering Line", "operator": "North Oil Company (Iraq)",
      "commodityType": "oil", "productClass": "crude", "fromCountry": "IQ", "toCountry": "IQ", "transitCountries": [],
      "capacityMbd": 0.25, "lengthKm": 65, "inService": 1975,
      "startPoint": { "lat": 35.42, "lon": 43.93 }, "endPoint": { "lat": 35.47, "lon": 44.40 },
      "evidence": { "physicalState": "flowing", "physicalStateSource": "operator", "operatorStatement": null, "commercialState": "under_contract", "sanctionRefs": [], "lastEvidenceUpdate": "2026-04-22T00:00:00Z", "classifierVersion": "v1", "classifierConfidence": 0.72 }
    }
  }
}
